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Propagation
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Propagation Software
Wireless InSite
Wireless InSite is a suite of ray-tracing models and high-fidelity EM solvers for the analysis of site-specific radio propagation and wireless communication systems. The software provides efficient and accurate predictions of EM propagation and communication channel characteristics in complex urban, indoor, rural and mixed path environments.
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RF Test
RF is short for radio frequency. RF is any frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum associated with radio wave propagation. When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an electromagnetic field is created that then is able to propagate through space. Many wireless technologies are based on RF field propagation. These frequencies make up part of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.
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Laser Alignment
Laser beams are tracing a perfect straight propagating line. A special unique instrument was developed to monitor the direction and position of this laser beam, creating a cornerstone device for alignment. Typical applicationns are mechanical straightness and alignment, calibration articulated arms, accurate positioning, and many more. To facilitate unrestricted movement of the AlignMeter family a built-in wireless system was developed.
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F9 Systems CalBlade
The CalBlade backplane calibration fixture isdesigned to permit accurate and convenient impedance and transmission measurements of a HM-Zd backplane. The CalBlade is used to calibratethe logic card connector interface to the backplane rather than to the usual far-end of the coaxial measurement cables. Very accurate impedance, skew and propagation delay measurements are possible since parasitic fixturing effects are removed.
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TDR Structural Health Monitoring
Material Sensing & Instrumentation
MSI Time-Domain-Reflectometry (TDR) Structural-Health Monitoring probes the structural health of a composite part by propagating a fast electrical pulse along a distributed linear sensor which has been fabricated directly in the laminate. The sensor is formed from the native graphite fibers already used in composite manufacture, and constitutes zero defect. Fibers are patterned into a microwave waveguide geometry, or transmission line, and interrogated by a rapid pulse as shown below. Structural faults along the line cause distortions in waveguide geometry, producing reflected pulses similar to radar. Cracking, delamination, disbonds, moisture penetration, marcelling, and strain are all detected by propagation delay, for sensor lengths up to several meters.
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High Speed Comparators (<100ns Propagation Delay)
Analog Devices high speed comparators feature <100 ns propagation delay and are a versatile and easy to use solution for a range of applications. Owing to our proprietary CB and XFCB fabrication processes, our comparators such as the AD790 possess a fast response time with outstanding input voltage resolution.
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Beacon Transmitters for Radio Amateurs
Is a radio beacon, whose purpose is the investigation of the propagation of radio signals. Most radio propagation beacons use amateur radio frequencies. They can be found on LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF, and microwave frequencies. Microwave beacons are also used as signal sources to test and calibrate antennas and receivers
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Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
MS 2002
Distance measuring equipment (DME) is a transponder-based radio navigation technology that measures distance by timing the propagation delay of UHF radio signals. The DME system is composed of a UHF transmitter/receiver (interrogator) in the aircraft and a UHF receiver/transmitter (transponder) on the ground. The aircraft interrogates the ground transponder with a series of pulse-pairs (interrogations) and the ground station replies with an identical sequence of reply pulse-pairs with a precise time delay (typically 50 microseconds). The time difference between interrogation and reply minus the 50 microsecond ground transponder delay is measured by the interrogator's timing circuitry and translated into a distance measurement in nautical miles which is then displayed in the cockpit.
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Wideband Radio Communication Tester
CMW500
The R&S®CMW500 wideband radio communication tester is the universal test platform for RF integration and protocol development. It is available as the R&S®CMW500 callbox and the R&S®CMW500 protocol tester. The R&S®CMW500 includes a fully integrated end-to-end data solution that permits comprehensive IP throughput and quality measurements. Thanks to the internal fading simulator, it is easy to perform tests under realistic propagation conditions.
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Channel Replicator
Series 7000
The Series 7000 System is a multi-radio test network which replicates the propagation path of real-world applications. With complete bi-directional capability radios may operate in full duplex mode at distances up to 150 nautical miles.
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Ground EMI Filters
High-frequency signals on ground is never good news - it interferes with normal operation of equipment and creates electrical overstress (EOS). However it is easy to block propagation of EMI on ground by installing highly-effective ground EMI filtes in ground lines. Our unique patent-pending ground EMI filters provide very low impedance for DC and mains' power while effectively blocking propagation of high-frequency currents throughout facility or equipment ground. Ground filters meet safety standards, as well as ANSI/ESD S6.1 and ANSI/ESD S20.20.
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Channel Emulator/Fading Simulator
The channel emulator/fading simulator is a measuring instrument for reproducing the actual radio wave propagation environment of mobile communication.It reproduces the fading environment defined by 3GPP and virtual environment of multiple channels such as MIMO, HetNet.It will contribute to improving development and verification efficiency of the latest mobile communication system such as 5G NR, LTE-Advanced and IoT.
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Understanding TEM, TE, and TM Waveguide Modes
Energy can propagate through a medium or through what is currently believed to be a vacuum. Propagation modes vary depending upon the type of energy and the nature of the medium.Electromagnetic energy is transmitted in waves. Like sound, it may propagate equally in all directions, the wave energy radiating in concentric shells corresponding to amplitude. Or it may be directional, focused to form a tight beam.View more Understanding TEM, TE, and TM Waveguide Modes
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Isolated Gate Drivers
Analog Devices’ isolated gate driver portfolio offers designers performance and reliability advantages over designs utilizing optocouplers or pulse transformers. Utilizing ADI’s proven iCoupler® technology, the isolated gate driver family offers the advantage of a maximum propagation delay of 50 ns, less than 5 ns channel-to-channel matching, a 50-year lifetime for 400 V rms working voltage and galvanic isolation in a single package.
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Circulators
The most common application of a circulator is as a duplexer, allowing the transmitter and receiver in a radio or radar unit to share a common antenna. Energy is transferred from the RF Source to the antenna during transmit, and from the antenna to the receiver during the receive cycle. In each case the circulator functions to isolate the inactive port from the propagated signal. Most importantly, the transmitter output is not passed to the receiver input, preventing the high transmitter power from damaging the sensitive receiver input circuits.
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*Beam Propagation Analysis
M²
M², or Beam Propagation Ratio, is a value that indicates how close a laser is to being a single mode TEM00 beam, which in turn determines how small a beam waist can be focused. For the perfect Gaussian TEM00 condition the M² equals 1. M² cannot be determined from a single beam profile measurement. The ISO/DIS 11146 requires that M² be calculated from a series of measurements. M² is measured on real beams by focusing the beam with a fixed position lens of known focal length, and then measuring the characteristics of the artificially created beam waist and divergence. We have a number of solutions for the measurement of M² ranging from simple manual processes to fully automated dedicated instruments, depending on the frequency of the need to measure M² of lasers and laser systems.
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Optical Distance Sensors
Leuze electronic GmbH + Co. KG
Optical distance sensors perform different measurement tasks in various applications with varying requirements with regard to accuracy, resolution and size. To meet these diverse needs, the operating principles of triangulation, propagation time measurement and phase measurement in different sensor sizes and specifications are covered by a wide range of optical distance sensors.
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Test Services
D-Coax offers RF/Microwave test services for your researchprojects, as well as, production quantities tests. We have available resources and expertise in the high frequency interconnects testing that will benefit your research and products. We will work with you to make your requested tests the most accurate and reliable and we'll complete them in a timely fashion. The following parameters can be characterized or tested to specifications with our test services: Time Domain: Impedance, Impedance profile, rise time, propagation delay, skew and more. Frequency Domain: S21 - Insertion loss, S11- Return loss, S12 - Reverse Insertion loss (port 2 insertion loss), S22 - Reverse Return loss (port 2 return loss) and more.
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UMTS / GSM Tester
manufacture a range of items that can be used in UMTS and or GSM propagation testing. These products have been designed against customers requirements.
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Timing Measurement Unit
TMM200
The TMM200 is a resource available for measuring such parameters as propagation delays, rise time, fall time and any other time-related parameter. Because of its wide input levels, the TMM200 is an instrument well suited to test both digital an analog devices.
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Siradel 360
Siradel 360 offers a comprehensive suite of solutions, encompassing Siradel Web Services, Siradel InoWave, and Siradel Planner, along with expert consulting and geodata services. This unique value proposition ensures accurate simulations, efficient network design, and robust performance, making Siradel a one-stop shop for all radio propagation and network optimization needs.With over 30 years of expertise, Siradel empowers telecom operators, research labs, and manufacturers to tackle the challenges of B5G/6G technologies and drive technological innovation.
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Satellite and Aerospace Channel Emulation Toolset
S8825A
Satellite, aerospace, and airborne radio link testing with realistic wireless propagation conditions. 5G NTN test support with satellite connection from mobile phones. Interconnecting networks for full end-to-end system testing.
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MOSFET Drivers
The bridge driver products handle voltages up to 100V, with industry-leading gate rise and fall times and exceptional input-to-output propagation delay performance. Select parts are available in 4mm x 4mm and 3mm x 3mm DFN packages which meet IPC-2221 creepage and clearance specifications for high-voltage systems.
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Wall Measurement Thickness Gauge Wall Thickness Test Instrument
HS160
Shenzhen Chuangxin Instruments Co., Ltd.
HS160 Wall measurement thickness gauge, wall thickness measuring equipment apply to measure the thickness of all kinds of material, through which the ultrasonic wave can propagate at a constant speed and can get reflection from the back. This instrument can be used for a variety of plate and all kinds of machining parts for accurate measurement. Another important function of this gauge is to monitor all kinds of pipelines and pressure vessels used in the production equipment, monitoring their degree of corroded thinning during the using process. It's widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, shipbuilding, aviation, aerospace and other fields.
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Microwave TV Transmitters for Radio Amateurs
Is the transmission of broadcast quality video and audio over the wide range of frequencies of radio waves allocated for radio amateur (Ham) use.[1] ATV is used for non-commercial experimentation, pleasure and public service events. Ham TV stations were on the air in many cities before commercial television stations came on the air.[2] Various transmission standards are used, these include the broadcast transmission standards of NTSC in North America and Japan, and PAL or SECAM elsewhere, utilizing the full refresh rates of those standards. ATV includes the study of building of such transmitters and receivers, and the study of radio propagation of signals travelling between transmitting and receiving stations.[
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Optical VSF Sensors
The optical Volume Scattering Function(VSF) is an ‘inherent optical property’ of water that is used by optical oceanographers to predict light propagation, image degradation, remote sensed ocean color, biological environment etc. in water.
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Camera Based Beam Propagation Analyzer: M2
BeamSquared
The BeamSquared® system is a compact and fully automated tool for measuring the propagation characteristics of CW and pulsed laser systems from the UV to NIR to Telecom wavelengths. Users can also measure wavelengths above 1.8 microns, including CO2 and terahertz in manual mode (a bench set-up; without the automated optical train) with a Pyrocam IV or IIIHR. Our longer optical train and patented Ultracal™ Calibration makes BeamSquared the most accurate product on the market and is ISO 11146 compliant. Its operational robustness and reliability ensures continuous use applications in industry, science, research and development.
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Half, Full Bridge & Three Phase Drivers
Renesas' half-bridge (h-bridge), full-bridge and three-phase drivers handle voltages up to 100V, with industry-leading gate rise and fall times and exceptional input-to-output propagation delay performance.
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1204a/1204a-mc Digital Signal Distribution
Precise Time and Frequency, Inc.
The ptf 1204A Digital Signal Distribution unit is a flexible platform used for distribution of various pulse formats (ex. 1 PPS, 1 PPM, 10 PPM, etc). The ptf 1204A will also distribute digital timing signals such as IRIG-B DCLS format. In order to cater for a wide range of input pulse frequencies, the ptf 1204A design utilizes a CPLD with jumper selectable alarm delays tocorrectly alarm on the various pulse frequencies. The unit reproduces precision pulse input signals with the minimum of propagation delays.
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M2 & BPP Systems
The M2 factor wil define the beam propagation characteristics compared to ideal Gaussian beam propagation. According to ISO Standard 11146 rightfully offers the laser beam characterization as "M2 times diffraction limited beam", as such, a perfect beam will have an M2 of 1. 1 will be the best achievable value and no beam could have an M2 less than 1. Our conceptual design is based on sub-assemblies allowing to change the sensing head in the M2 device, offering multiple wavelengths heads up to 2.7 microns from deep UV (knife-edge technology) and camera based technology with built-in automatic filter wheel for adjustment. For focused beams, the same measuring head could be attached to a device for meauring highly divergent or highly convergent beams - FocusGage-BA, wherein the Laser Analyzing Electronic Autocollimator offers the capability of divergence measurement with Coming Soon M2 definition. M2Beam is the cornerstone of those measuring devices.
